Are Lifestyle Intervention Strategies Successful to Prevent Type Diabetes 2? What are the Mechanisms of Action?

Authors: Spyridon Zarogiannis

Affiliations: University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary & AMP; Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular & AMP; Medical Sciences, Glasgow, Greece

Citation: Are Lifestyle Intervention Strategies Successful to Prevent Type Diabetes 2? What are the Mechanisms of Action?. Global Diabetes Open Access Journal, 1(1); 1-3

Copyright: © 2019, Spyridon Z. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 international License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

ABSTRACT

Prediabetes is classified as a clinical state intermediate between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes, identifying subjects at high risk for developing diabetes in the future. It is defined by fasting glucose levels between 110 and 125 mg/dL (IFG) or 2-h postprandial glucose levels after 75-g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) between 149 and 199 mg/dl (IGT) or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.6 and 6.4% [1,2]. According to a large, population-based cohort study in Dutch population of 2540 participants, the risk for developing diabetes type 2 over 6 years is 9.1% for IFG, 32.5% for IGT and 64.5% for combined IFG/IGT [3]. Concerning HbA1c, a systematic review of 44203 individuals from 16 cohort studies suggested that those with HbA1c between 5.5 and 6% have a 9 to 25% risk for developing diabetes over 5 years, while HbA1c range of 6.0-6.5% have a 25-50% risk of developing diabetes [4]. It is suggested that lifestyle intervention, including weight loss and physical activity improvement, could reduce the risk of diabetes type 2 in individuals with prediabetes. Many studies have investigated the effect of mid- and long- term lifestyle changes in the prevalence of diabetes.

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